With the availability of newer drugs for treating multiple myeloma, such as proteosome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), outcomes and depth of response are steadily improving. These developments have led to a debate about whether high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant should still be considered first-line therapy or whether newer drug regimens should replace transplant.
The treatment of early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone a paradigm shift recently with the addition of systemic therapy to local therapy. The use of cisplatin-based chemotherapy following surgery is now a standard approach for patients with stage II–IIIA disease.
The US Food and Drug Administration has approved pemetrexed (Alimta), the first drug available for maintenance therapy of advanced or metastatic lung cancer. Pemetrexed disrupts metabolic processes that are dependent on the B-vitamin folate, a necessary ingredient for cell replication.
SAN FRANCISCO–Maintenance therapy with erlotinib (Tarceva) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer following chemotherapy provided a statistically significant improvement in survival, according to results from the SATURN trial.
We have presented the first case of a patient with metastatic ATGCT with peritoneal carcinomatosis, who responded to treatment with a VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Because of the relative paucity of such cases in the literature, no clear treatment strategy exists. For patients with metastatic ATGCT, enrollment in clinical trials testing novel therapies, including angiogenesis inhibitors, is a reasonable option.
AstraZeneca announced the company has submitted a New Drug Application to the FDA for an investigational drug, vandetanib ( Zactima) 100 mg, for use in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced non–small-cell lung cancer in patients previously treated with one prior anticancer therapy.
Dr. Ruan and colleagues provide an excellent summary of available treatment options, as well as new drugs on the horizon, for the management of relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). As the authors emphasize, treatment of relapsed MCL is strongly influenced by the patient’s first-line therapy and needs to be individualized based on both patient and disease characteristics.
Researchers are conducting an international phase III trial to examine the effect that a modified herpes virus has on melanoma tumors.
Researchers studying the molecular genetics of glaucoma are discovering new genes by applying high-powered technologies to their analysis of family pedigrees and looking for clues in animal models. These genetic discoveries are moving this field toward clinical applications.
An international, multi-institutional study presented at the 2009 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), held May 29–June 2 in Orlando, Fla, found that use of pemetrexed (Alimta) as maintenance therapy following standard treatment improves overall survival for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); the study also further confirmed that this benefit is primarily limited to those with the nonsquamous subtype (abstract CRA8000).
A single-arm phase II study to evaluate treatment with EC145 in patients with chemotherapy-resistant non-small cell lung cancer who have failed multiple therapy regimens has turned in promising results, according to Endocyte.
Stem cell transplants may be a new, revolutionary way to treat Crohn's disease.
Genentech, Inc, announced that a phase III study (ATLAS) of erlotinib (Tarceva) in combination with bevacizumab (Avastin) as maintenance therapy following initial treatment with Avastin plus chemotherapy in advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) met its primary endpoint.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors have emerged as important drugs in cancer therapy, providing a proven survival advantage for some patients with non–small-cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer, and pancreas cancer.
STOCKHOLM-Final analysis of the phase III Avastin in Lung Study (AVAiL), which evaluated bevacizumab (Avastin) as first-line therapy for advanced nonsmall- cell lung cancer, showed that adding bevacizumab to gemcitabine/cisplatin significantly extends progression-free survival, Christian Manegold, MD, of Heidelberg University in Mannheim, Germany, reported at ESMO 2008 (abstract LBA1).
Cell Therapeutics, Inc, recently announced that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for filing and review, and has granted priority review status for, the supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) for use of 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) as consolidation therapy for patients with follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma who achieve a response to first-line therapy.
A novel gene therapy approach for the treatment of a type of inherited retinal disease appears to be safe and effective in initial trials. Results offer hope for the treatment of a gamut of eye diseases that once were thought to be untreatable, according to one researcher.
Gene therapy has resulted in functional vision for patients with Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA), said Albert Maguire, MD, of the University of Pennsylvania, Bryn Mawr. That research is the result of a 13-year effort by Dr. Maguire and colleagues.
mall-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity that is characterized by neuroendocrine differentiation, early metastatic spread, and initial responsiveness to cytotoxic therapy.
Fully 88% of older adults with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma have at least a very good partial response when treated with low-dose autologous stem cell transplantation that is preceded by bortezomib-containing induction therapy and followed by lenalidomide-containing consolidation and maintenance therapy, according to trial results from the University of Turin in Italy.
An antibody to the insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-1R), when given with chemotherapy, is active as first-line therapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, especially squamous type, finds the first trial to test an IGF inhibitor in lung cancer. Daniel D. Karp, MD, of M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, reported the trial results at ASCO 2008 (abstract 8015).
Radiation therapy (RT) and immunotherapy of cancer both date back more than 100 years, and yet, because radiation was often considered immunosuppressive, there had been little enthusiasm for combining them until recently. Immunotherapy has an established role in the treatment of some cancers-superficial bladder cancer treated with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), renal cell carcinoma and melanoma treated with interferon and interluekin (IL)-2 (Proleukin), and breast cancer and lymphoma treated with monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab (Herceptin) and rituximab (Rituxan), which partly function through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
Wyeth Pharmaceuticals recently announced the initiation of the INTORACT (INvestigation of TORisel and Avastin Combination Therapy) study, a worldwide randomized, open-label, phase IIIB study comparing temsirolimus (Torisel) plus bevacizumab (Avastin) vs bevacizumab plus interferon-alfa for first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Wyeth Research is conducting the INTORACT study with the support and assistance of Roche and Genentech
Immunomedics, Inc. a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing monoclonal antibodies to treat cancer and other serious diseases, today announced that adding epratuzumab (LymphoCIDE) to rituximab (Rituxan) and combined cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy (ER-CHOP) for the therapy of patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) produced promising results.
COLLEGEVILLE, Pennsylvania-Wyeth Pharmaceuticals has initiated the INTORACT (Investigation of Torisel and Avastin Combination Therapy) trial, a worldwide randomized open-label phase IIIb study comparing temsirolimus (Torisel) plus bevacizumab (Avastin) vs bevacizumab plus interferon-alfa for the first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Genomic Health, Inc, recently announced that its Oncotype DX report is now providing quantitative estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) scores to physicians and patients in addition to the trademarked Recurrence Score. This expansion of the assay is based on the results of a study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, which confirmed that reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) by Oncotype DX can deliver quantitative gene expression levels for assessing ER and PR status, which are critical factors in determining the use and benefit of hormonal therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.
BOSTON-A gene therapy agent that delivers a normal p53 gene to the tumor significantly increased survival by 4.5 months in end-stage head and neck cancer patients with p53-favorable tumor profiles, compared to those with unfavorable profiles.
A large phase III study has found that the targeted therapy cetuximab (Erbitux), combined with platinum-based chemotherapy, is effective as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This is the first time a targeted drug has shown a survival benefit as a first-line treatment for patients with NSCLC, including all subtypes of the disease, reported lead author Robert Pirker, md, associate professor of medicine at Medical University of Vienna in Austria at the ASCO meeting (abstract 3).
One of the first clinical trial's of a revolutionary gene therapy for Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA), a type of inherited blindness, showed that the treatment can improve vision and cause no side effects.
The appropriate treatment of patients with stage IIIA (N2) non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. With this case report and review, we address the history, assessment, and management of a 67-year-old patient with this diagnosis, and then discuss the challenges in managing N2 disease, as well as the roles of systemic therapy, surgery, and postoperative radiation therapy.
